AcknowledgementsThe cooperation and assistance of many people helped lay the foundation for Into the Abyss. The interview subjects represented a variety of professions and included:
law enforcement officers and commanders, police gang unit members, intelligence officers, national law enforcement trainers, school teachers, school principals, directors of school security, faith community leaders, directors and other personnel in community-based anti-violence and delinquency treatment programs prison administrators, heads of prison security, gang members (in prison and on the street), parents of gang members, counselors and therapists who have worked with gang members, probation and parole officers who have had gang members on their caseload and who offer treatment programs for them, United States attorneys, Federal law enforcement agents and corrections personnel, social researchers who have studied gangs, and city/county prosecutors. The names of the interview subjects are found below. Without their cooperation and insights Into the Abyss could not have been written. Other people were also interviewed, but their interviews were less formal. They included business owners, long-time community residents, neighborhood youths, postal workers (who know a lot about what's happening in their neighborhoods), and people found relaxing in city parks, sitting on benches at their local mall and in other public places. All were targets for my questions about the gang situation in their community and all were forthcoming with one insight or another.
I also want to thank Southwest Missouri State University and the citizens of the State of Missouri for their support in the initial stages of my research. Thank you, too, to Lieutenant Mark Webb (Springfield [MO] Police Department, retired) and to Drs. Juris Zarins and Jeff Nash for their support and insights, many of which have found their way into the body of this book. Thanks, too, to Sharon Walter, Mark Webb, and Dr. Lloyd Young who read early drafts of the book and offered valuable and constructive criticisms.
A special note of thanks is due Chief Lynn S. Rowe, Springfield Police Department (Springfield, Missouri), for his assistance in obtaining permission to ride with and interview police in many of the cities included in this study. The chiefs or sheriffs in each of the following cities are also to be thanked for their willingness and interest in having me participate in their gang officer's- or gang unit's activities.
In the United States
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Outside the United States
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In the remainder of Into the Abyss the names of nearly all 157 interview subjects identified below have been changed to honor an agreement made with them at the time they were interviewed. As a result of being offered anonymity, I believe the insights they shared were quite candid. Any similarity between a fictitious name to the name, character, or history of any person living or dead is entirely coincidental and unintentional. The names of gang members interviewed for this study have been withheld to protect their identity.
The names of cities have either been omitted or, when used, the names of streets, businesses, parks, and other sites have been changed so no association could be made back to the interview subjects.
| John Armilio | Tony Gorup | John Radtke |
| Ramona Arroyo | Ricardo Graham | Mike Roberts |
| Sylena Bagley | Chuck Grammont | Theresa Robinson |
| Patrician Bailey | John Groves | Moses Robinson |
| David Barnes | Glenn Grymes | Joyce Rosenfeld |
| Darrel Battle | Guillermo A. Guerrero | Kevin Routh |
| Randal Beebe | Kathy Hagerty | David P. Rush |
| Steve Broadhead | Steve Hamai | Cynthia Rushefsky |
| Larry Brotherton | Robert Harris | Roger Rusness |
| Judy Brunner | Carl R. Hill | Sulaiman Salaam |
| Elizabeth Buehner | Gary Hill | Brian Saupe |
| Reed Buente | Kathleen A. Hill | Meenakshi K. Saxena |
| Dana Burch | Clarence Hines | Paul Schuurmans |
| Ed Bures | Devon Hoing | Robert M. Scronce |
| Chris Catanzaro | Kevin Holly | David W. Scruggs |
| Chris Cesena | Reginald Holmes | Mark H. |
| Dae Chang | Joan Horn | Jamie Sterneck Sentnor |
| Brian Cherry | Patricia Hunter | Robert Sevaaetasi |
| Darrell F. Christman | Pieter Immel | Brett W. Shields |
| Frank Clark | Gordon Jolly | Kent Shipley |
| Steve Clemens | Dawn Keller | Georgina Slack |
| Darryl Clodt | Susan Kennedy | Terry Sloan |
| John Colwell | Jim Kessler | Hal Smith |
| John Coney | Tom Klekamp | Meagan Snelson |
| David Cook | Phil Komoroski | Ralph Snowden |
| Anthony Cooper | Darren Lane | Patrisha Spencer |
| Gloria Creed | Willaim E. Larkin | David Starbuck |
| Patricia Darragh | Fred Liedke | Gayla Steenberger |
| Scott H. Decker | John Lopez | John Stone |
| Richard A. Dima | C. Riccardo Lucas | Ann E. Stork |
| Leman Dobbins | Tejindra Malhi | David Stretch |
| Colin Downton | John Marcum | Paul Takemoto |
| Bart Driessen | Joyce Massey | Tom Tavernier |
| Louis Duran | Jeff McCroskey | Michele Timberlake-Berry |
| Jim Dyment | Jim McCulloch | G. P. Tomlinson |
| Jim Edwards | Toby McDaniel | Andy Tooke |
| Susie Edwards | Scott McKelvey | Frank van Gemert |
| Paul Elmer | Joel McNelly | Rick Veach |
| Lisa Euell | Roy L. Mitchell | Gary Wallace |
| Juan Fabrega | Acie L. Moore | Carol Ward |
| Jim Farrell | Beth Moran | Heather Ware |
| Valorie J. Fechtel | J. Mouton | Renita Waters |
| Joe Fitzmaurice | Dottie Mullikin | Mark Webb |
| Larry Flynt | Raul Murguia | Mike Wells |
| Daniel J. Foley | Calvin Neal | Chris Welsh |
| John Foster | Maureen Nolan | Jerome West |
| Terry Foulkes | Thomas A. Nunemaker | John Wheeler |
| Mark Freeman | Steve J. Parker | Catherine White |
| Michael W. Game | Dan Patterson | David White |
| Angela Giberti | Terry Perry | Kevin Whitfield |
| Garland Goodwin | Fred Phillips | Kathleen Wiley |
| Shannon K. Gorman | Marc Plourde | Yolanda Williams |
| Vern Pugh | Rick Wymer |
© 2002 Michael K.
Carlie
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in
writing from the author and copyright holder - Michael K. Carlie.